← The land

Timeline

The timeline

468 dated entries, 1602 to 2025. What was happening on this ground, and what was happening around it.

The families, and where they cross

A lane per family, ordered by the year they first appear on ground here. Each bar is a span of ownership, hovering gives the farm and the dates, and the vertical connectors are marriages - the moment two of these families become one household. 8 of them are drawable: both surnames recorded, both families on this chart, and a date on the marriage.

who stood at whose font. Only ties between two families already on this chart can be drawn; 98 of the 105 witness records name somebody who holds no ground here.

1750 1775 1800 1825 1850 1875 1900 1925 1950 1975 2000 du Plessis du Plessis, Rondabel, from 1818, 1823 du Plessis, Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), from 1868, 1896 du Plessis, Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), from 1896, to 1919, inferred from the next owner du Plessis, Rossel Erf (Reim Hoogte No. 167 Ptn 1), from 1908, no end recorded Oosthuizen Oosthuizen, Middelwater, from 1821, to 1833, inferred from the next owner Oosthuizen, Middelwater, from 1833, 1841 Oosthuizen, Vrolikheid, from 1841, no end recorded Oosthuizen, De Claar Stroom (Klaarstroom No. 178), from 1858, 1860 Oosthuizen, Rondabel, from 1868, to 1872, inferred from the next owner Oosthuizen, Rhemhoogte No. 125, from 1879, no end recorded Oosthuizen, Middelwater, from 1884, no end recorded Oosthuizen, Vaste Water (Middelwater No. 169 Ptn 5), from 1884, to 1923, inferred from the next owner Oosthuizen, Kareemoerhoek (Rhemhoogte No. 125 Ptn 4), from 1884, 1937 Oosthuizen, Hartebeest Voedpad (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 5), from 1919, no end recorded Oosthuizen, Elandsfontein (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 6), from 1921, no end recorded Oosthuizen, Annex Modderdrift (Rhemhoogte No. 125 Ptn 3), from 1937, no end recorded Oosthuizen, Kareemoerhoek (Rhemhoogte No. 125 Ptn 4), from 1937, no end recorded Oosthuizen, Noorsdoringkop (Groot Sluitel Fontein No. 126 Ptn 1), from 1937, no end recorded Oosthuizen, Kleinbotterkraal (Klein Sleutlefontein No. 127 Ptn 1), from 1937, no end recorded Venter Venter, Rondabel, from 1829, to 1841, inferred from the next owner Venter, Wolwekraal No. 17, from 1841, 1855 Venter, Wolwekraal No. 17, from 1855, 1857 Venter, Venterskraal (Wolwekraal portion), from 1857, no end recorded Venter, Swanepoel's Aanleg (Swanepoelsaanleg), from 1897, no end recorded Swanepoel Swanepoel, Vlakfontein (Koup), from 1833, no end recorded Swanepoel, Rietkuil No. 119 (Kouka), from 1841, 1885 Swanepoel, Swanepoel's Aanleg (Swanepoelsaanleg), from 1857, 1879 Swanepoel, Swanepoel's Aanleg (Swanepoelsaanleg), from 1879, 1897 Swanepoel, Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), from 1919, 1927 Swanepoel, Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), from 1927, 1940 Swanepoel, Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), from 1940, 1943 Hatting Hatting, Klein Valie No. 182, from 1833, no end recorded Hatting, Klaarstroom No. 184 (Klaarstroom A), from 1841, no end recorded Hatting, Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), from 1841, 1868 van Veuren van Veuren, Wilgemond No. 179, from 1833, to 1841, inferred from the next owner van Veuren, Oorlogs Kloof No. 172 (Roode Els Bosch and Oorlogs Kloof), from 1833, 1863 Gous Gous, Reim Hoogte No. 167, from 1833, to 1841, inferred from the next owner Gous, Reim Hoogte No. 167, from 1841, no end recorded Theron Theron, Rondabel, from 1868, to 1872, inferred from the next owner Theron, Rondabel, from 1872, no end recorded Marincowitz Marincowitz, Kopjes Kraal, from 1871, no end recorded Marincowitz, Wit Plaats (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 1), from 1922, no end recorded Marincowitz, Klein Elandsfontein (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 7), from 1934, no end recorded Marincowitz, Kromrivier (Kopjes Kraal No. 123 Ptn 1), from 1934, no end recorded Marincowitz, Uitkyk Nek (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 2), from 1935, no end recorded Marincowitz, Marinco (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 3), from 1935, no end recorded Marincowitz, Faans Kraal (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 4), from 1936, no end recorded Marincowitz, Rondawel (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 1), from 1954, 1988 Marincowitz, Rondawel (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 1), from 1988, 1997 van Zyl van Zyl, Klipgat No. 114, from 1911, 1911 van Zyl, Klipgat No. 114, from 1911, 1916 van Zyl, Zoutwater (Klipgat No. 114 Ptn 1), from 1916, no end recorded van Zyl, Klipgat A (Klipgat No. 114 Ptn 2), from 1916, no end recorded van Zyl, Plaat Fontein (Varsche Fontein No. 27 Ptn 3), from 1923, no end recorded Steyl Steyl, Klipfontein A No. 174, from 1939, no end recorded Steyl, Klipfontein Oost (Klipfontein A No. 174 Ptn 1), from 1939, no end recorded van Rensburg van Rensburg, Varsche Fontein No. 27 Remainder, from 1973, 1997 van Rensburg, Welbedacht (Varsche Fontein No. 27 Ptn 4), from 1973, 1997 1753, Petrus Venter × Martha du Plessis 1753 1807, Ockert Almero Oosthuizen × Adriana Cecilia Venter 1807 1844, Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7) × Johanna Jacomina Petronella Catharina Venter 1844 1851, Dina Magdalena Oosthuizen × Stephanus Johannes Theron 1851 1866, Nicolaas James Marincowitz × Catharina Maria Oosthuizen 1866 1882, Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3f7) × Maria Susanna Jacoba van Zyl 1882 1918, Gert Jan Oosthuizen Marincowitz × Anna Margaretha Oosthuizen 1918 1968, Gert Annis Oosthuizen Marincowitz × Maria Magritha van Rensburg 1968 1817, baptism: Maria Sophia Venter stood for Johannes Adriaan Oosthuizen 1821, baptism of a child: Petrus Jacobus Venter stood for Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen 1837, baptism: Adriana Cecilia Venter stood for Ockert Almero Oosthuizen 1837, baptism: Jan Louies Venter stood for Ockert Almero Oosthuizen 1840, baptism: Adriana Cicilia Venter stood for Ockert Jacobus Oosthuizen (1839-1842) 1840, baptism: Christiaan Hatting stood for Ockert Jacobus Oosthuizen (1839-1842) 1876, baptism: Gert Adriaan Oosthuisen stood for Gert Jan Oosthuizen Marincowitz

Read the faded bars carefully. Of the spans drawn here, only some carry a recorded end date. 8 are closed at the year the NEXT owner appears, drawn faded, because that is our inference and not a date anybody wrote down, and 29 have no end at all and are drawn as a stub. This model records acquisitions far better than departures, and the chart is honest about which is which rather than filling the gap with a straight line.

How much record there is, decade by decade

One bar per decade; its height is how many dated entries fall in that decade. The tallest is 43. Click a bar to jump to it.

00 80 90 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 00 10 20

Two peaks, and both are real. The 1830s and 1840s are Stretch's survey seasons and the quitrent conversion that followed, the district's paper being made. The 1890s to the 1930s are the subdivisions, the estates and the deaths of the generation that had been granted the ground. The thin stretch before 1800 is not a quiet century; it is the century this project has the least paper for.

The chronology, at four scales

Read across a decade and you get the world, the country, the district and this family at the same moment. The columns are the argument: a wool price in London and a transfer on Middelwater are the same story seen at two distances, and this project has spent a lot of pages saying so one farm at a time.

1600s 1

1680s 6

1690s 3

1700s 3

1710s 3

1720s 2

1730s 2

1740s 3

1750s 3

1760s 6

1770s 5

1780s 4

1790s 4

1800s 13

1810s 10

1820s 24

  1. 1820 The British settlers land at Algoa Bay
  2. 1823 Drought at Beaufort West
  3. 1827 Drought at Beaufort West
  1. 17 February 1820 Lokenburg No. 815, surveyed for Maria Elisabeth Louw
  2. about 1821 Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen living at Middelwater
  3. about 1821 Middelwater, occupied by Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen
  4. 1821 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen appears in the Beaufort West opgaafrol Thirty-two years
  5. 1821 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen living at Beaufort West
  6. about 1821 Oosthuizens established at Middelwater Middelwater No. 169: a farm history · Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen
  7. 19 August 1821 Daniel Jacobus Oosthuijzen baptised at Beaufort West, the direct-ancestor couple, at Kriedouw in 1821 Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen · Johanna Machteld Petronella Strydom · Gerrit Adriaan Oosthuijzen
  8. 19 August 1821 Three Oosthuijzen siblings on one register page Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen · Cornelia Petronella Oosthuizen · Gerrit Adriaan Oosthuijzen
  9. 1823–1898 The farm he was born on
  10. 1823 The van der Merwe first on record here, Welbedagt No. 555
  11. 15 May 1823 Tygerhoek No. 689, surveyed for Wed. William Petrus Burger
  12. 2 June 1823 Welbedagt No. 555, surveyed for Carel Aaron van der Merwe (1771-1850)
  13. 13 June 1823 Estate inventory of Jan de Bruin, holder of the loan farm Rondabel Rondabel No. 124: a farm history · Aletta Johanna Oosthuizen
  14. 7 May 1825 Bloemendaal surveyed by the landsurveyor Bower The men who drew the lines · Bower (land surveyor, 1825)
  15. 14 August 1825 Susanna Elisabeth Carolina Oosthuisen baptised at Swellendam Johannes Petrus Oosthuizen (b.1798) · Maria Elisabeth Selie
  16. 23 February 1826 Estate inventory of Fredrik Jacobus Botha Maria Petronella Venter
  17. 1827 Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7) living at Vlakfontein (Koup)
  18. before 1829 Rondabel, occupied by Jan Adriaan Venter and Maria Catharina Venter
  19. 1829 The Venter first on record here, Rondabel
  20. 1829–1840 Two Oosthuizen sisters of Middelwater marry two van Zyl brothers The brother-in-law who founded a town · Johanna Jacomina Oosthuizen · Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen (b.1811) · Wynand van Zyl
  21. 23 July 1829 Jan Adriaan Venter dies at the place Rondavel Rondabel No. 124: a farm history · Maria Catharina Venter

1830s 43

  1. 1830 Wool sheep farming established in the Cape Eighty-one thousand morgen
  2. 1834 Britain abolishes slavery at the Cape
  3. 1836 Great Trek begins The Oosthuizens of the Koup
  4. March 1837 A cloudburst floods Beaufort West
  5. 16 February 1838 Marthinus Oosthuizen rides through the impi at Van Rensburg's laager The muster roll · Marthinus Jacobus Oosthuizen (b1c4d7e3)
  6. 28 November 1838 The Wenkommando marches on Dingaanstat
  7. 16 December 1838 The Battle of Blood River The brother-in-law who founded a town
  1. 1833–1841 The fifteenth of April, 1841
  2. 1833–2026 Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history
  3. July 1833 Vlakfontein surveyed by C.L. Stretch The fifteenth of April, 1841 · Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7) · Charles Lennox Stretch · M. de Beer (veldkornet)
  4. August 1833 Klaarstroom No.184 surveyed for Christian Hatting Senior The men who drew the lines
  5. August 1833 Rondabel surveyed by C.L. Stretch for Johannes Strydom Rondabel No. 124: a farm history
  6. August 1833 The loan farm Vrolykheid surveyed for Jacobus Johannes Oosthuisen Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history · Jacobus Johannes Oosthuisen (Almero's son)
  7. 1834 Spreeuw Fontein first surveyed by C.L. Stretch The men who drew the lines
  8. 1834 Varsche Fontein first surveyed by C.L. Stretch for Charl du Toit The men who drew the lines
  9. 19 November 1838 The letter from Kouka Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7) · H. Oosthuizen (1838 case) · Piet Stuurman
  1. 25 September 1830 Jacobus van Zyl marries Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen at Beaufort West The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jacobus Stephanus van Zyl · Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen (b.1811)
  2. before 1833 Haggas No. 145, surveyed for P. van der Westhuizen (Haggas, 1833)
  3. before 1833 Klein Valie No. 182, surveyed for Christian Hatting Junior (Klein Valie, 1833)
  4. 1833 Middelwater, occupied by Okert Oosthuizen
  5. about 1833 Modderdrift No. 106, surveyed for Casper van Zyl (1781-1863)
  6. about 1833 Oorlogs Kloof No. 172 (Roode Els Bosch and Oorlogs Kloof), surveyed for Lucas van Veuren ("P. Zoon")
  7. before 1833 Reim Hoogte No. 167, surveyed for Willem Johannes Gous
  8. 1833 The Hatting first on record here, Klein Valie No. 182
  9. 1833 The van Veuren first on record here, Wilgemond No. 179
  10. 1833 The van der Westhuizen first on record here, Haggas No. 145
  11. about 1833 Uitnood No. 147 (Loan Farm Uit-Nood), granted to Petrus van Veuren Senior
  12. before 1833 Wilgemond No. 179, surveyed for Martinus van Veuren (Wilgamount, 1833)
  13. July 1833 Vlakfontein (Koup), surveyed for Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7)
  14. August 1833 Klipfontein No. 171 (Witte Klip), surveyed for William Geyer
  15. August 1833 Reim Hoogte and Venters Kloof surveyed by C. Lennox Stretch The men who drew the lines · Charles Lennox Stretch · Willem Johannes Gous · C. Hatting (veldkornet, Zwarte Berg, 1833)
  16. August 1833 The loan farm Middelwater surveyed for Okert Oosthuizen Middelwater No. 169: a farm history
  17. August 1833 Wilgamount and Klein Valie surveyed by C. Lennox Stretch The men who drew the lines · Charles Lennox Stretch · Martinus van Veuren (Wilgamount, 1833) · Christian Hatting Junior (Klein Valie, 1833)
  18. 1836–1838 Jacobus van Zyl treks from Prince Albert to Natal The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jacobus Stephanus van Zyl
  19. 1836 Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen (b.1819) living at Middelwater
  20. 27 November 1836 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen born at Middelwater Middelwater No. 169: a farm history
  21. 27 November 1836 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen living at Middelwater
  22. 1837 Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7) living at Rietkuil No. 119 (Kouka)
  23. 5 March 1837 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen baptised at Beaufort West Thirty-two years · Johannes Adriaan Oosthuizen · Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen (b.1819)
  24. 11 July 1838 Adriana Cecilia van Zyl baptised at Beaufort West The brother-in-law who founded a town · Adriana Cecilia Van Zyl · Jacobus Stephanus van Zyl · Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen (b.1811)
  25. 19 August 1838 Jacobus Petrus van Zyl baptised, and both van Zyl households are in one witness list The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jacobus Petrus Van Zyl · Wynand van Zyl · Johanna Jacomina Oosthuizen
  26. 1839 Jan Adriaan van Zijl born at Middelwater The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jan Adriaan Van Zyl · Wynand van Zyl · Johanna Jacomina Oosthuizen
  27. 1839–1843 Keerom granted as a rekwesplaas - about 6,000 morgen The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jacobus Stephanus van Zyl

1840s 41

  1. 1841–2016 Cut, and then stitched
  2. 15 April 1841 Five Karoo farms granted on perpetual quitrent on one day Rondabel No. 124: a farm history · Charl du Toit · Cornelis Floris Johannes Meyer · David Jan Strydom (Daniel son)
  3. 15 April 1841 Klein Sleutlefontein titled to Johannes Stein in the 15 April 1841 series Frederik Simon Mocke
  4. 15 April 1841 Rietkuil No. 119 granted to Pieter Johannes Swanepoel The fifteenth of April, 1841 · Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7)
  5. 15 April 1841 Spreeuw Fontein & Toornits Kraal granted on perpetual quitrent to C.F.J. Meyer Cornelis Floris Johannes Meyer
  6. 15 April 1841 Varsche Fontein granted to Charl du Toit
  7. 15 April 1841 Wolwekraal No. 17 granted to Johannes Hendrik Venter The fifteenth of April, 1841
  8. 1842 Zwartberg NG congregation founded on the farm Kweekvallei - and the town of Prince Albert with it The church at Zeekoegat · Ockert Almero Oosthuizen
  9. 1845 Kweekvallei renamed Prince Albert The church at Zeekoegat
  1. 27 July 1840 Jacobus van Zyl remarries at Potchefstroom, the first hard evidence he went north The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jacobus Stephanus van Zyl · Catharina Helena van Dyk
  2. 1841 The Hitge first on record here, Wit Plaats (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 1)
  3. 1841 The Strydom first on record here, Rondabel
  4. 15 April 1841 Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), granted to Christian Hatting Senior
  5. 15 April 1841 Doorn Kraal Lot B granted on quitrent to Hendrik Johannes van Eck Hendrik Johannes van Eck (grantee, Doorn Kraal 1841)
  6. 15 April 1841 Haggas granted on quitrent Bf.W.Q. 5-31 P. van der Westhuizen (Haggas, 1833)
  7. 15 April 1841 Klaarstroom No. 184 (Klaarstroom A), granted to Christian Hatting Senior
  8. 15 April 1841 Klein Sleutlefontein No. 127, granted, party not named
  9. 15 April 1841 Klein Valie titled on quitrent Bf.W.Q. 5-6
  10. 15 April 1841 Klipfontein No. 171 (Witte Klip), granted, party not named
  11. 15 April 1841 Middelwater, granted, party not named
  12. 15 April 1841 Reim Hoogte No. 167, granted to Willem Johannes Gous
  13. 15 April 1841 Reim Hoogte granted to Willem Johannes Gous
  14. 15 April 1841 Rietkuil No. 119 (Kouka), granted to Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7)
  15. 15 April 1841 Rondabel, granted to David Jan Strydom (Daniel son)
  16. 15 April 1841 Spreeuw Fontein & Toornits Kraal (Spreeufontein No. 26), granted to Cornelis Floris Johannes Meyer
  17. 15 April 1841 Varsche Fontein, granted to Charl du Toit
  18. 15 April 1841 Vrolikheid, granted to Jacobus Johannes Oosthuisen (Almero's son)
  19. 15 April 1841 Wilgemond No. 179, granted to J.M.J. van Vuuren (Wilgemond, 1841)
  20. 15 April 1841 Wilgemond titled on quitrent Bf.W. 5-9 to J.M.J. van Vuuren The van Vuurens of Wilgemond · J.M.J. van Vuuren (Wilgemond, 1841)
  21. 15 April 1841 Wit Plaats (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 1), granted to N. Hitge
  22. 15 April 1841 Wolwekraal No. 17, granted to Johannes Hendrik Venter
  23. 1842–2007 The church at Zeekoegat
  24. 1843 Charles Frederick Hitge living at Vrolikheid
  25. 5 June 1844 Gerolm Marincowitz of Trieste marries Hester Carolina Adriana Hitge Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history · Ger(H)olm Marincowitz
  26. 11 June 1846 Aletta Catharina Maria Helena Hitge living at Wit Plaats (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 1)
  27. 29 July 1846 Charles Frederick Hitge dies on Vrolykheid Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history · Sophia Johanna Mocke · Aletta Catharina Maria Helena Hitge
  28. 29 July 1846 Charles Frederick Hitge living at Oorlogs Kloof No. 172 (Roode Els Bosch and Oorlogs Kloof)
  29. before 1846-07-29 Charles Frederick Hitge living at Vrolikheid
  30. 1848–1922 Eight stones on Varsche Fontein
  31. 1848 Ockert Jacobus Oosthuizen names a Marico farm 'Klaarstroom' The brother-in-law who founded a town · Ockert Jacobus Oosthuizen (b.1809)
  32. 21 July 1848 Cornelis Floris Johannes Meyer dies

1850s 22

  1. 1850 Wool becomes the district staple Eighty-one thousand morgen
  2. 1853 The Cape gets a parliament
  3. 1856 The drought that dried the springs, Beaufort West
  1. 1850 Portion 1 cut from Spreeuwfontein - four-fifths of the farm
  2. 10 March 1857 Wolwekraal divided in two The farm he was born on · Jan Adriaan Venter · Johannes Hendrik Mostert · Jacobus Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7e5)
  3. 1858–4 August 1860 A town is laid out on De Claar Stroom, and named Petersburg for Petrus Oosthuizen De Claar Stroom: the farm the town stands on · Petrus Oosthuizen (Klaarstroom, fl.1858-1860)
  4. 1858–1860 Twenty-four months
  5. 3 March 1858 Meiringspoort opened De Claar Stroom: the farm the town stands on · Petrus Johannes Meiring (1799-1876) · Ger(H)olm Marincowitz
  6. November 1859 Kopjes Kraal surveyed as Crown Land by J.A. Thwaits and J.W. du T. Melvill The men who drew the lines
  1. about 1850 Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen (b.1828) living at Middelwater
  2. 1851 Frederik Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3) living at Wolwekraal No. 17
  3. 27 January 1851 A de Beer marries an Oosthuizen at Prince Albert Catharina Petronella Oosthuizen · Zacharias Johannes Hendricus de Beer
  4. 20 November 1855 Wolwekraal No. 17, transferred to Johannes Hendrik Mostert and Jan Adriaan Venter
  5. 1856–1937 Eighty-one thousand morgen
  6. 24 September 1856 Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen dies on Middelwater Middelwater No. 169: a farm history · Susanna Catharina Oosthuizen (b.1819)
  7. 10 March 1857 Swanepoel's Aanleg (Swanepoelsaanleg), cut off by Jacobus Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7e5)
  8. 10 March 1857 Venterskraal (Wolwekraal portion), cut off by Jan Adriaan Venter
  9. 1858 De Claar Stroom (Klaarstroom No. 178), held by Petrus Oosthuizen (Klaarstroom, fl.1858-1860)
  10. 9 February 1858 Jan Adriaan Oosthuizen remarries at George Johannes Adriaan Oosthuizen · Anna Petronella Janse van Rensburg
  11. 9 March 1858 Adriana Cecilia Venter dies, six days after Meiringspoort opened Twenty-four months
  12. 1859–1941 Kopjes Kraal: a farm that lost a quarter of itself, and a road nobody uses
  13. 26 February 1859 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen dies in his own house at Prince Albert Almero

1860s 22

  1. 17 November 1869 The Suez Canal opens
  1. 1860 Ostriches: wire fencing, lucerne, and the first feather boom Eighty-one thousand morgen
  2. 1866 Brandfort laid out on Jacobus van Zyl's farm Keerom The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jacobus Stephanus van Zyl
  3. 1867 Diamonds found near Hopetown - the Eureka
  4. 23 October 1869 The Springfontein Dam wall gives way
  1. 1860 Klaarstroom village laid out on Oosthuizen land
  2. 11 September 1862 Kopjes Kraal granted out of Crown Land Kopjes Kraal: a farm that lost a quarter of itself, and a road nobody uses
  3. November 1863 Kopjes Kraal resurveyed by L. Marquard The men who drew the lines
  4. 21 January 1868 Rondabel granted on perpetual quitrent to Jan Adriaan Oosthuizen and Stephanus Johannes Theron Rondabel No. 124: a farm history
  1. 1860 Jacobus Oosthuizen sits on the building committee of the Prince Albert church The church at Zeekoegat · Jacobus Daniel Johannes Oosthuizen
  2. 18 February 1860 Johanna Machteld Petronella Strydom dies on Middelwater Middelwater No. 169: a farm history
  3. 18 February 1860 Johanna Machteld Petronella Strydom living at Middelwater
  4. 11 September 1862 Groot Sluitel Fontein No. 126, granted to Aletta Catharina Roux
  5. 4 September 1863 Cornelis Petrus Janse van Vuuren living at Haggas No. 145
  6. 1 December 1863 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen marries Aletta Catharina Maria Helena Hitge Middelwater No. 169: a farm history
  7. 1866 Frederik Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3) living at Antjesfontein No. 14
  8. before 1866 The Bloemfontein kerkraad talks him out of founding a town The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jacobus Stephanus van Zyl
  9. 10 April 1866 Nicolaas James Marincowitz marries Catharina Maria Oosthuizen Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history
  10. 21 January 1868 Rondabel, granted to Jan Adriaan Oosthuizen and Stephanus Johannes Theron
  11. 25 September 1868 Antjesfontein No. 14, granted to Matthys Booyens
  12. 17 November 1868 Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), transferred to P.H. du Plessis
  13. 14 March 1869 Maria Johanna Oosthuysen baptised at Beaufort Maria Johanna Oosthuizen · Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen (b.1828) · Magdalena Maria van Wyk

1870s 27

  1. 1873 The Long Depression begins
  1. 1872 Responsible government at the Cape
  2. 1876 A more severe drought, Beaufort West
  1. June 1870 A million kilograms of wool through the poort Eighty-one thousand morgen
  2. 1871–1892 The Prince Albert gold rush
  3. 1871–2025 What is under the Koup
  4. 17 May 1871 Kopjes Kraal re-titled under P.A.Q.1-28 Kopjes Kraal: a farm that lost a quarter of itself, and a road nobody uses
  5. August 1871 An aardvark turns up the FIRST gold nugget on Spreeuwfontein - twenty years before the rush The Prince Albert gold rush · Lodewyk Bothma
  6. 1872 Atherstone reports the Karoo rocks "too young" for a productive goldfield The Prince Albert gold rush · William Guybon Atherstone
  7. 1872 Atherstone suspects the first nugget was salted; Dunn says it was worked by human hands The Prince Albert gold rush · William Guybon Atherstone · Dr Edward John Dunn
  8. 1872 Portion 2 (Lot 2) cut from Spreeuwfontein
  9. 21 June 1879 Part of Roode Els Bosch and Oorlogs Kloof transferred to G. Marincowitz Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history · G. Marincowitz (Klipfontein, 1879)
  1. 1870–2026 The portraits found at Middelwater
  2. about 1871 Spreeuw Fontein & Toornits Kraal (Spreeufontein No. 26), held by Lodewyk Bothma
  3. 1871 The Bothma first on record here, Spreeuw Fontein & Toornits Kraal (Spreeufontein No. 26)
  4. 1871 The Marincowitz first on record here, Kopjes Kraal
  5. 24 April 1871 Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen dies on Middelwater Middelwater No. 169: a farm history · Cornelis Andries Oosthuizen (b.1828)
  6. 17 May 1871 Kopjes Kraal, granted to Ger(H)olm Marincowitz
  7. 17 July 1872 Rondabel, transferred to Stephanus Johannes Theron
  8. 30 November 1872 Oorlogs Kloof No. 172 (Roode Els Bosch and Oorlogs Kloof), amended title, party not named
  9. 1878 Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen living at Drooge Kloof
  10. 10 February 1878 Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen baptised at Prince Albert Almero · Ockert Almero Oosthuizen · Aletta Catharina Maria Helena Hitge
  11. 1879 Benjamin François Duminy awarded the South Africa Medal
  12. 1879 Frederik Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3) living at Swanepoel's Aanleg (Swanepoelsaanleg)
  13. 1879–1973 Three farms in one deed: Anna Margaretha, 1937
  14. 22 April 1879 Swanepoel's Aanleg (Swanepoelsaanleg), transferred to Frederik Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3)
  15. 1 July 1879 Rhemhoogte No. 125, granted to Abel Albertus Oosthuizen

1880s 16

1890s 30

  1. 1896 Rinderpest sweeps southern Africa Eighty-one thousand morgen
  2. 1898 Drought empties the Springfontein Dam
  3. 1899 Anglo-Boer War
  1. 1891 Lodewyk Bothma lays out Gatsplaas, named for the hole the first nugget came from The Prince Albert gold rush
  2. 1891 Prince Albert gold rush on Spreeufontein ("Gatsplaas") The Prince Albert gold rush
  3. 1891 Prospecting spreads well beyond Spreeufontein The Prince Albert gold rush
  4. 1891 Sydney Cowper publishes a sixpenny guide with a map of the claims The Prince Albert gold rush
  5. 1891 Thomas Bain publishes "The Nuggets of the Gouph and the Prince Albert Gold Fields" The Prince Albert gold rush · Thomas Charles John Bain
  6. July 1891 Jan Koevies, a shepherd, finds the SECOND nugget on Klein Waterval - twenty years after the first The Prince Albert gold rush · Jan Koevies (Korries) · John Muller · P.H. du Plessis
  7. 4 August 1891 19,050 morgen of Spreeuwfontein thrown open to the public The Prince Albert gold rush
  8. 20 September 1891 A further 3,898 morgen added to the public diggings The Prince Albert gold rush
  9. November 1891 Interest in the goldfield collapses, four months after it began The Prince Albert gold rush
  10. 1892 The Prince Albert goldfield abandoned The Prince Albert gold rush
  11. 1893 Arthur Sawyer tells the government the district's gold prospects are not good The Prince Albert gold rush · Arthur Robert Sawyer
  12. April 1894 Spreeuwfontein Portion 1 resurveyed by D.W. Ballot The men who drew the lines
  13. 31 August 1895 The Gatsplaas post office closes The Prince Albert gold rush
  14. 12 August 1896 Southern part of Schurfte Kopjes transferred to N.J. Marincowitz Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history · Nicolaas James Marincowitz
  15. about 1897 Cecil John Rhodes donates an organ to the Prince Albert church The church at Zeekoegat · ds Adriaan Hofmeyr · Jan Luttig
  16. April 1897 Varsche Fontein resurveyed for amended title under Act 9 of 1879
  17. 28 October 1897 Eastern part of Klipfontein transferred to B.L. Steyl Bernardus Lambertus Steyl
  1. 13 May 1890 Ger(H)olm Marincowitz dies at Vrolykheid Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history
  2. 1892 A fourteen-year-old drives three teachers over the Swartberg Pass Almero Hitge and the teachers over the Swartberg · Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen
  3. 1892 Almero Hitge and the teachers over the Swartberg
  4. 1892 George Joseph Roy Hitge living at Vondeling No. 139
  5. 28 February 1895 Christina Elisabeth Nel living at Brasse Fontein No. 371
  6. 22 March 1895 Jan Adriaan van Zijl dies at Klaarstroom in the Marico, the name completes its journey The brother-in-law who founded a town · Jan Adriaan Van Zyl
  7. 1 July 1895 Maria Johanna Oosthuizen marries Michiel Josias Botes at Prince Albert
  8. 8 October 1896 Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), transferred to P.H. du Plessis
  9. 14 December 1897 Swanepoel's Aanleg (Swanepoelsaanleg), transferred to Willem Adriaan Venter
  10. 1899–1903 The war reaches the Koup

1900s 24

  1. 1900 The feather boom at its height Eighty-one thousand morgen
  2. 1908 The Springfontein Dam runs empty a second time
  1. 15 February 1900 Daniel Coghill is killed by lightning on Lemoenrietfontein Daniel William John Coghill
  2. about 1901 Scheepers's men are driven out of Klaarstroom and escape onto Zeekoegat
  3. 1 February 1901 Scheepers's commando rides into Klaarstroom De Claar Stroom: the farm the town stands on
  4. 2 February 1901 The skirmish at Remhoogte, and the death of Johannes Kleu Johannes Kleu (d. 1901, Remhoogte)
  5. 14 July 1902 Remainder of Lot C of Roode Els Bosch and Oorlogs Kloof transferred to B.L. Steyl Bernardus Lambertus Steyl
  6. 1903 Varsche Fontein amended title to J.R.G. Luttig Eight stones on Varsche Fontein
  7. 19 June 1903 Amended titles issued for both Spreeuwfontein and Varsche Fontein on one day J.C. Muller · J.R.G. Luttig
  8. 6 February 1905 A fiery public meeting in Prince Albert over a fresh gold find near Zeekoegat The Prince Albert gold rush
  9. 1909 Spreeuwfontein Portion 1 divided into three near-equal shares
  1. 1903 Varsche Fontein, amended title on by J.R.G. Luttig
  2. 19 May 1903 Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen marries Johanna Fredricka Malherbe
  3. 11 June 1903 Jacobus Daniel Johannes Oosthuizen dies a 'retired gentleman' at 7 Schoonder Street, Cape Town
  4. 19 June 1903 Klein Waterval (Spreeufontein No. 26 Remainder), amended title on by J.C. Muller
  5. 8 February 1904 Spitskop (Karee Rivier No. 143 Ptn 11), transferred to I.W. Ferreira Jr
  6. 1906 Frederik Simon Oosthuizen builds the Zeekoegat church The church at Zeekoegat
  7. February 1907 The Zeekoegat church inaugurated The church at Zeekoegat · Frederik Simon Oosthuizen
  8. 23 February 1907 The Zeekoegat church consecrated by Rev Wilcocks and Rev J.R. Albertyn The church at Zeekoegat · Frederik Simon Oosthuizen
  9. 15 June 1908 Rossel Erf (Reim Hoogte No. 167 Ptn 1), transferred to J.J.P. du Plessis (Rossel Erf, 1908)
  10. 15 June 1908 Rossel Erf cut out of Reim Hoogte J.J.P. du Plessis (Rossel Erf, 1908) · A.I. de Villiers (Government Land Surveyor)
  11. 1909 The Niehaus first on record here, Lot C (Spreeufontein No. 26 Ptn 5)
  12. 7 August 1909 Lot C (Spreeufontein No. 26 Ptn 5), transferred to Jacob A. Niehaus
  13. 12 September 1909 Hendrik Lodewijk Malherbe Oosthuizen baptised at Prince Albert Cut, and then stitched · Hendrik Lodewyk Malherbe Oosthuizen · Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen · Johanna Fredricka Malherbe

1910s 34

  1. 1914 First World War
  1. 1910 Union of South Africa The Jouberts and Duminys of the winelands
  2. 19 June 1913 The Natives Land Act
  3. 1914 The feather market collapses Eighty-one thousand morgen
  4. 1915 One of Beaufort West's worst droughts
  5. 1918 A night of anguish: 30 cm of rain in twelve hours
  6. September 1918 "Black October" - Spanish influenza reaches South Africa
  1. 20 March 1911 First communion held at Zeekoegat The church at Zeekoegat
  2. 1912 Elder P.H. Theron gives the Zeekoegat church its silver communion cups The church at Zeekoegat · Petrus Hermanus Theron (elder, Zeekoegat)
  3. 1913 Varsche Fontein begins to break up: Lot A cut off
  4. August 1913 Meeting at Klipgat on the fencing act
  5. 1914 A bell is raised beside the Zeekoegat church The church at Zeekoegat
  6. 1915 A township is laid out for Zeekoegat, and comes to nothing
  7. 23 January 1919 Botterkraal bought out of the du Plessis estate Six graves on Botterkraal · Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3f7) · Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7e16f1) · B.J.L. du Plessis
  1. before 1911 Klipgat No. 114, estate by Louis Daniel Francois van Zyl
  2. 1911 The van Zyl first on record here, Klipgat No. 114
  3. 24 September 1911 Klipgat No. 114, amended title by Louis Daniel Francois van Zyl
  4. 1913 Lot A (Varsche Fontein No. 27 Ptn 1), transferred, party not named
  5. March 1913 Witberg surveyed, then reserved for forestry K.M. von Oppell (Government Land Surveyor) · C.J. Schoeman (veldkornet, 1913)
  6. 14 October 1914 Gerhardus Fransoiys Beukes dies and is buried on Varsche Fontein Eight stones on Varsche Fontein
  7. 1915 Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3f7) living at Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2)
  8. 21 January 1915 Witberg and Venters Kloof Annex reserved for forestry
  9. 7 April 1916 Maria Johanna van Oosterzee Duminy dies at Prince Albert The Jouberts and Duminys of the winelands
  10. 20 October 1916 Thomas Frederik Marincowitz dies on Vrolikheid Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history · Thomas Frederick Marincowitz
  11. 15 November 1916 Klipgat A (Klipgat No. 114 Ptn 2), transferred to Jacobus Johannes Petrus van Zyl
  12. 15 November 1916 Zoutwater (Klipgat No. 114 Ptn 1), transferred to Christiaan Hendrik Van Zyl
  13. 1 October 1917 Jacobus Johannes Gideon van der Merwe marries Catharina Isabella Bruijn
  14. 23 April 1918 Gert Jan Oosthuizen Marincowitz marries Anna Margaretha Oosthuizen Three farms in one deed: Anna Margaretha, 1937
  15. 1919–1948 Six graves on Botterkraal
  16. 23 January 1919 Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), transferred to Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3f7) and Pieter Johannes Swanepoel (b6c5d7e16f1)
  17. 10 June 1919 Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen buys Hartebeest Voedpad on Rondabel Rondabel No. 124: a farm history
  18. 10 June 1919 Hartebeest Voedpad (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 5), transferred to Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen
  19. 8 October 1919 Klein Valie broken into five named pieces A.P. Muller J.C. son (Klein Valie, 1919)
  20. 10 November 1919 Petrus Gideon van Rensburg marries Maria Margaretha Walters The van Rensburgs of the dry north

1920s 21

  1. 1929 The Great Depression Eighty-one thousand morgen
  1. 1926 The 1926 drought: 6,3 cm of rain in the year The van Rensburgs of the dry north
  1. 26 July 1922 Groot Rivier (Portion 2) transferred off Varsche Fontein
  2. 27 March 1923 Plaat Fontein (Portion 3) transferred off Varsche Fontein J.W. van Zyl (?)
  3. 26 May 1923 Vaste Water cut from Middelwater Middelwater No. 169: a farm history
  4. 24 March 1925 Welbedacht (Portion 4) transferred off Varsche Fontein to C.M. Fourie
  5. 26 January 1926 Avondrust cut from Middelwater Middelwater No. 169: a farm history
  6. 5 March 1926 The old "trek" across Kopjes Kraal formally cancelled Kopjes Kraal: a farm that lost a quarter of itself, and a road nobody uses
  1. 8 July 1921 Elandsfontein (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 6), transferred to Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen
  2. 8 July 1921 Elandsfontein on Rondabel transferred to A. Oosthuizen Rondabel No. 124: a farm history · Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen
  3. 2 January 1922 Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen living at Drooge Kloof
  4. 2 January 1922 Ockert Almero Oosthuizen dies in Church Street, Prince Albert Middelwater No. 169: a farm history · Almero Jacobus Hitge Oosthuizen
  5. 26 July 1922 Groot Rivier (Varsche Fontein No. 27 Ptn 2), transferred, party not named
  6. 30 September 1922 Wit Plaats (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 1), transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz
  7. 30 September 1922 Wit Plaats transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history
  8. 27 March 1923 Plaat Fontein (Varsche Fontein No. 27 Ptn 3), transferred to J.W. van Zyl (?)
  9. 26 April 1923 Vaste Water (Middelwater No. 169 Ptn 5), transferred to Susanna Maria Klue
  10. 24 March 1925 Welbedacht (Varsche Fontein No. 27 Ptn 4), transferred to C.M. Fourie
  11. 27 January 1927 Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), transferred to Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel jnr (b6c5d7e3f7g5) and Jacobus Johannes Gerrit "Kootjie" Swanepoel
  12. 14 November 1927 Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel dies at Botterkraal Six graves on Botterkraal · Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel (b6c5d7e3f7)
  13. 1929 Frederik Simon Oosthuizen builds the Zeekoegat church hall The church at Zeekoegat

1930s 33

  1. 1939 Second World War Gert Annis Oosthuizen Marincowitz
  1. 1930 The great drought Eighty-one thousand morgen
  2. 28 December 1933 South Africa leaves the gold standard
  1. 1934 Kromrivier cut off Kopjes Kraal Kopjes Kraal: a farm that lost a quarter of itself, and a road nobody uses
  2. 29 August 1939 Klipfontein A titled and partitioned on one day Bernardus Lambertus Steyl · G.M. Steyl (born Alberts)
  1. 1933 Frederik Simon Oosthuizen gives 300 Afrikaans Bibles to the children of the congregation The church at Zeekoegat
  2. 1933 Vrolykheid No. 61 subdivided; Ptn 2 named Vrolikheid Suid Two farms called Vrolykheid
  3. 7 September 1933 Windwaai (Klein Valie No. 182 Ptn 9), transferred to S.C. Sooyman (Windwaai, 1933)
  4. 7 September 1933 Windwaai cut out of Koude Veld and sold S.C. Sooyman (Windwaai, 1933) · A.P. Muller J.C. son (Klein Valie, 1919)
  5. 16 May 1934 Klein Elandsfontein (Rondabel No. 124 Ptn 7), transferred to Gerolm Samuel Marincowitz
  6. 16 May 1934 Klein Elandsfontein transferred to Gerolm Samuel Marincowitz Rondabel No. 124: a farm history
  7. 16 May 1934 Kromrivier (Kopjes Kraal No. 123 Ptn 1), transferred to Gert Jan Oosthuizen Marincowitz
  8. 18 December 1935 Marinco (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 3), transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz
  9. 18 December 1935 Marinco transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history
  10. 18 December 1935 Uitkyk Nek (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 2), transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz
  11. 18 December 1935 Uitkyk Nek transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history
  12. 1936 Frederik Simon Oosthuizen gives the Zeekoegat land and buildings to the NG Gemeente Prince Albert The church at Zeekoegat
  13. 1936 Frederik Simon Oosthuizen living at Rondabel
  14. 1936 Frederik Simon Oosthuizen living at Zwartkraal
  15. 24 August 1936 Faans Kraal (Frans Kraal) transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz Vrolykheid No. 177: a farm history
  16. 24 August 1936 Faans Kraal (Vrolikheid No. 177 Ptn 4), transferred to Vincent Charles Marincowitz
  17. 10 October 1936 Frederik Simon "Oom Frikkie" Oosthuizen dies and is buried beside his church The church at Zeekoegat · Frederik Simon Oosthuizen
  18. 31 March 1937 Leeuw Rivier (Venterskraal resurvey), resurveyed, party not named
  19. 20 December 1937 Annex Modderdrift (Rhemhoogte No. 125 Ptn 3), transferred to Ernest Albert Oosthuizen
  20. 20 December 1937 Kareemoerhoek (Rhemhoogte No. 125 Ptn 4), transferred to Anna Margaretha Oosthuizen
  21. 20 December 1937 Kleinbotterkraal (Klein Sleutlefontein No. 127 Ptn 1), transferred to Anna Margaretha Oosthuizen
  22. 20 December 1937 Noorsdoringkop (Groot Sluitel Fontein No. 126 Ptn 1), transferred to Anna Margaretha Oosthuizen
  23. 20 December 1937 Noorsdoringkop and Kleinbotterkraal transferred to Anna Margaretha Marincowitz born Oosthuizen Three farms in one deed: Anna Margaretha, 1937 · Anna Margaretha Oosthuizen · Gert Jan Oosthuizen Marincowitz
  24. 1939 The Steyl first on record here, Klipfontein A No. 174
  25. 5 April 1939 Spitskop (Karee Rivier No. 143 Ptn 11), partition by A.F. Hitge
  26. 14 May 1939 Johanna Maria Magdalena Bothma buried at "Gatsplaas" Vredendal: three surnames on the stones, one family in the house
  27. 29 August 1939 Klipfontein A No. 174, amended title on by Bernardus Lambertus Steyl and G.M. Steyl (born Alberts)
  28. 29 August 1939 Klipfontein Oost (Klipfontein A No. 174 Ptn 1), transferred to Bernardus Lambertus Steyl

1940s 16

  1. 6 April 1941 The 1941 flood, one of the worst on record
  2. 1942 Six dry years: a mean of 13,1 cm
  3. 1946–1947 The Koup drought, parts of the region turn to desert
  4. 1948 Apartheid begins
  5. 1949 The waterhouse runs dry, and the drought breaks
  1. 1940 Botterkraal fenced, and the neighbours named Six graves on Botterkraal · Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel jnr (b6c5d7e3f7g5) · F.S. Marincowitz · Theodorus Louis van Eck
  2. 16 April 1941 Oorlogs Kloof consolidated to the Union Government
  1. 8 October 1940 Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), transferred to Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel jnr (b6c5d7e3f7g5)
  2. 10 December 1940 The 1816 Vrolykheid diagram cancelled The men who drew the lines
  3. 16 April 1941 Oorlogs Kloof No. 175 (1940 consolidation), amended title on by Government of the Union of South Africa
  4. 16 April 1941 Oorlogs Kloof No. 175 (1940 consolidation), consolidation, party not named
  5. 6 June 1943 Botterkraal (Jansenskraal No. 104 Ptn 2), transferred to Jan Jacobus Adriaan Minie
  6. 6 June 1943 Botterkraal sold, mineral rights held back Six graves on Botterkraal · Christiaan Hendrik Swanepoel jnr (b6c5d7e3f7g5) · Jan Jacobus Adriaan Minie
  7. 25 August 1945 Tokkie Marincowitz marries Frances Duminy Joubert Four grandparents, four countries · Gert Annis Oosthuizen Marincowitz
  8. 25 May 1946 Hendrik Lodewyk Malherbe Oosthuizen marries Anna Tobia Jeanne Joubert Cut, and then stitched
  9. 17 January 1949 Frans Jacobus Wilhelmus van der Merwe marries Maria Magritha van Rensburg at Williston Vredendal: three surnames on the stones, one family in the house

1950s 9

1960s 10

1970s 5

1980s 5

1990s 10

2000s 2

2010s 5

2020s 1

Built from the model's own dated rows: events, ownership spans, residences, and the surveys and titles on the documents. Births and deaths are not listed individually - 1,037 people carry a birth year and they would bury everything else. Where a birth or a death mattered enough for somebody to write an event for it, it is here.